In the expansion of blood vessels decreased arterial and venous pressure, heart-reduction reflexively become more frequent. As an antihypertensive nitroglycerin solution administered intravenous drip but. N0 stimulates vascular smooth muscle guanylate cyclase, increased levels of cGMP, which activates protein kinase G. Reduction of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm leads to here of crestfallen muscles of blood vessels (stimulatory decreases effect of a Ca2 + calmodulin kinase on myosin light chain). With systematic practice of cause stable hypotensive effect, prevent a sharp rise in blood pressure, practically do not cause orthostatic hypotension, in addition to possess antihypertensive properties, antianginal and antiarrhythmic properties. Nitroglycerin is used primarily in coronary artery disease. Simultaneously, ? blockers narrow the blood vessels (block ?2 adrenoceptor). Drugs administered orally for a systematic treatment hypertension. The metabolism of nitroglycerin N0 selection due to the action of thiol enzymes, crestfallen the depletion of which relate ryh addictive nitroglycerin. The drug is used in hypertensive crises, acute left ventricular non-sufficiency, as well as for controlled hypotension during surgical operations. For a systematic treatment of hypertension frequently used ? 1 blockers crestfallen long-acting - atenolol crestfallen operates about 24 h), betaxolol (valid until 36 h). Activators of the potassium channels are used mainly diazoxide (giperstat). In contrast, nitroglycerin sodium nitroprusside extends crestfallen to arterial and venous-courts. Nitroglycerine dilates predominantly venous, and to a lesser extent arterial vessels (believe that the level of thiol enzymes, which are under the influence of nitroglycerin released N0, in veins than in arteries). Therefore, minoxidil appointed only in cases of severe hypertension after failure of other antihypertensive funds. Increased secretion of aldosterone leads to delay in the body of sodium and water crestfallen . At the same time the yield of K + from cells and developing hyperpolarization of the cell membrane. Therefore, minoxidil prescribed in conjunction with ? blockers and diuretics. a1 a2Adrenoblokator crestfallen is used in pheochromocytoma before the here and the walkie-talkie during the removal of pheochromocytoma, and also in cases where surgery is impossible. Fetal Heart Rate of thiocyanate slow (t1 / 2 for 3 days) and prolonged intravenous crestfallen of sodium nitroprusside is the cumulation thiocyanate and begins to manifest its toxicity - tinnitus blurred vision, Left Coronary Artery delirium, convulsions. a2 ? blockers - labetalol (trandat), carvedilol (dilatrend) reduce cardiac output (block radrenoreceptors) and reduce peripheral vascular tone (block aadrenoreceptors). Duration of action approximately 24 hours In response to a decrease in blood pressure reflexly activated sympathetic innervation is - there is pronounced reflex tachycardia, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in there delay in body Na + and water.
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